【完結(jié)-雙語】十分鐘速成課-傳播學(xué)(媒介素養(yǎng))(12集全+預(yù)告)
2022-05-26 16:51 作者:FriedrichHaller | 我要投稿
- Media literacy is the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, create and act using all forms of communication.
- Media Messages: The values and ideas that are promoted by the media, the things that get put into them.
- Media Effects: Their influences and consequences on audiences.
- Encode / Decode
- Textual Determinism: The idea that a message's meaning is inevitably sent and received in ins entirety, just as intended, every time.
- Mass media (Penny Press), Multimedia
- Yellow Journalism
- Protectionism: Cultural, Political & Moral Defensiveness
- Moral Panic
- We shape our tools, and then our tools shape us.
- Digital / News Literacy
- Automate routine stuff - reduce COGNITIVE LOAD (not ideal for parsing through complex or new information)
- Schema: a thought pattern; a way the brain understands a task, the desired outcomes of that task, and the strategy for getting there.
- Complete a picture - Prior Knowledge: This inherent desire to connect the dots, to see the whole instead of its parts - is exactly what makes humans vulnerable to misinformation.
- False Memory + Confirmation Bias + Information Satisficing (satisfying + sufficing) >> critical thinking: biases, thought patterns
- Media is made: why (to entertain, inform or persuade >> impact), what (include or exclude topic or subject)
- Representations: problem for diverse cultures >> minority groups frequently stereotyped
- It would be wrong and misleading to see the media as uniformly and conspiratorially harnessed to a single, racist conception of the world. - Stuart Hall
- Money >> It's a cycle that prevents different voices from creating different kind of media, keeping cultural power in the hands of a few.
- Mass-produced created culture for profit >> passive contentment
- Advertisement: a public notice promoting a product, event or service.
- Public Relations: the management of the relations between the public and a brand.
- Propaganda: information distributed with the direct purpose of promoting a certain point of view. (often misleading or biased)
- Marslow's hierarchy of needs: food, water, shelter, sleep; need to feel safe; love, belonging; accomplishment; destiny.
- Authority >> Likability >> Consistency >> Consensus >> Scarce
- appeal to emotions; false dilemma; red herring (轉(zhuǎn)移焦點); traditional wisdom
- Traditional advertisements > contextual; demographics
- Internet > web cookies > addressable advertisement / behavioral targeting
- IP Address to identify device etc.
- Low-key ads: sponsored content (log off, hyper vigilant to share information)
- Media ownership: AT&T: Walled Garden; FCC (Federal Communications Commission) > Anti-trust Laws (Monopolies) > Vertical Integration to create new monopoly >> Net Neutrality
- Tech companies (Alphabet, Amazon) & media companies
- COPYRIGHT gives creators of media the exclusive rights to their creations. They can copy, modify, distribute or show off their works however they want. Others need to get permission to use them. This helps creators make money from and get credit for their work.
- 4 Factors of Fair Use: Purpose and Character; Nature of the Work; Amount Used; Effect on the Market.
- The Public Domain
- DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act)
- Privacy refers to the access, collection and sharing of personally identifiable information. Online that includes our browsing habits and history, plus the personal information we share with all the websites and apps we use.
- GDPR in EU (General Date Protection Regulation)
- Disinformation: used to confuse and distract the intended audience using deliberately false or misleading information. Disinformation can whip up a smokescreen, and disperse the attention of the masses. The style of disinformation can also be used to excuse or dismiss bad actions or behavior.
- Misinformation: unintentionally inaccurate information; accidents, or mistakes in reporting.
- Campaigns: Planned, systematic efforts to intentionally persuade us of certain beliefs or to act a certain way. > Coordination (multiple people working in tandem)
- WWI - U.S. Committee on Public Information > WWII - Office of War Information
- Active Misdirection
- The foundation of media analysis is acknowledging that all media is constructed with a purpose and a particular point of view.
- analyze (Media Choice): Who created this message, and what is the purpose? What techniques does it use to attract and hold attention? What lifestyles, values and points of view does it depict? How might different people interpret this message? What is omitted, or left out?
- Evaluate: relevance, accuracy, bias, reliability
- Data Literacy: deals with understanding and analyzing data. (Just because data exists, doesn't mean it's accurate, or helpful.) >>Data only matters in context.
- Algorithmic Literacy: is knowing that any information you see online is only one slice of the pie, and one that's been cut specifically for you. >> Filter Bubble
- Skepticism
標簽：
