The Crisis of the 17th Century (the financial exhaustion of the religious war, resentment of the war, aristocratic dissatisfaction, dissatisfied merchants and peasants)

France: Royal Absolutism

England: Constitutional Monarchy

France:

King Henry IV 1553-1610

Edict of Nantes 1598

Maximilien de Bethune, Duke de Sully, 1560-1641

Louis XIII 1601-1643

Cardinal Richelieu 1585-1642

King Louis XIV 1638-1715, the Sun King

Jules Cardinal Mazarin 1602-1661

Fronde (a slingshot, rebellion)

Louis II, Prince de Conde 1621-1686

Five rules of absolutism of Louis XIV

• The king must be godlike
• The king must be in control
• The king must be wealthy
• The king must enforce religious conformity
• The king must have an army

Jean-Baptiste Colbert 1619-1683

Taille

revoked the Edict of Nantes

Spain

King Carlos II 1661-1700

El Hechizado, "The Bewitched"

Dutch

William of Orange 1650-1702; to create a grand alliance to fight against France