重難點分析

高考命題導(dǎo)向：“It is/was…who/that…”強調(diào)句型是高考語法填空考查的重點內(nèi)容之一。此句型可強調(diào)主語、賓語、狀語。如果要強調(diào)謂語，用do/does/did+動詞原形。高考通?？疾閺娬{(diào)句與幾個易混句型連詞的使用和強調(diào)句的問句。

一、相關(guān)句型構(gòu)成的強調(diào)句

1. 陳述句的強調(diào)句型

It is/was+被強調(diào)部分(通常是主語、賓語或狀語)+ that/who(當(dāng)強調(diào)主語且主語指人)+其他部分。如：

It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 他是昨天遇見李平的。

2. 一般疑問句的強調(diào)句型

同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。如：

Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 他是昨天遇見李平的嗎？

3. 特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句型

被強調(diào)部分(通常是疑問代詞或疑問副詞)+ is/was + it + that/who + 其他部分？

When and where was it that you were born? 你是何時何地出生的？

4. not…until…句型的強調(diào)句

A. 句型為：It is/was not until + 被強調(diào)部分 + that + 其他部分

普通句：He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back.

強調(diào)句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是強調(diào)句型，till, until可通用。

5. 謂語動詞的強調(diào)

A. It is/was ... that ... 結(jié)構(gòu)不能強調(diào)謂語，如果需要強調(diào)謂語時，用助動詞do/does或did。如：

Do sit down. 務(wù)必請坐。

Do be careful when you cross the street. 過馬路時，務(wù)必(千萬)要小心啊！

注意：此種強調(diào)只用do/does和did，沒有別的形式；過去時用did，后面的謂語動詞用原形。

?

二、強調(diào)句型注意事項一覽表

?

說明

例句

1

強調(diào)主語時，其后的謂語動詞和主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致

It is he who/that often does good deeds. 是他經(jīng)常做好事。

It is I who/that am looking for you. 是我找你。

2

被強調(diào)部分除了指人時連詞可用who/whom之外，其他情況下只能用that

It is the book that I ? want. 這是我要的書。

?

3

?

not…until…句型的強調(diào)句

It was not until you told ? me that I realized my mistake.

= Not until you told me ? did I realize my mistake.

= I didn’t realize my ? mistake until you told me.

直到你告訴我，我才意識到自己的錯誤。

?

4

?

與主語從句(It is/was…that-clause)的區(qū)別

It is true/a fact that ? they won the game. (it是形式主語) 他們贏得了比賽是事實。(去掉It ? was…that后句子已不完整)

It was in Xiamen that I ? first met him. 是在廈門我第一次遇到他。(強調(diào)句特點：去掉It ? was…that后句子仍完整)

?

5

與“It be…before(時間過多久才……) /since(自……以來多長時間了)句型”的區(qū)別

It was two hours before he ? worked out the problem. 兩個小時后他才算出這道題。

It is two years since he ? joined the army. 他參軍已兩年了。

?

?

6

?

?

與“It be…when/where定語從句”的區(qū)別

It was in 1919 that he was ? born. (強調(diào)句) 他于1919年出生。

It was 1919 when the May 4th ? Movement took place. (定語從句) 五四運動發(fā)生于1919年。

It was in Beijing that I ? met him. (強調(diào)句) 我在北京遇到他的。

It was Beijing where I met ? him. (定語從句) 我在北京遇到了他。

注意：在美國英語中，強調(diào)句強調(diào)事物時常用which來代替that。

?

考點練透

一、單句填空 根據(jù)句意用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)聯(lián)詞填空。

1. It was along the Mississippi River ___________ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.

2. It is the ability to do the job ___________ matters, not where you come from or what you are.

3. — What was the party like?

— Wonderful. It is years ___________ I enjoyed myself so much.

4. It was October ___________ they finally came back to their hometown.

5. It was in the lab that was taken charge of by Professor Li ___________ they did the experiment.

6. It will be more than 100 years ___________ the country begins once again to look as it did before.

7. ___________ is it that has made Peter what he is today?

8. I have already forgotten ___________ it was that you put the dictionary.

9. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ___________ it is that I am talking to.

10. It was ___________ he did ___________ frightened me.

?

二、語法填空 閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Animals may also become extinct through direct destruction. This includes the hunting and capturing of animals. Humans have always hunted and killed wildlife ???1 ???early humans lived more in harmony with nature, ???2 ???killed animals for essentials like food and clothing. When guns ???3 ???(invent), mass destruction of species was possible. Animals have been, and still are, killed ???4 ???meat, clothing, medicines, feathers, eggs, trophies (戰(zhàn)利品), tourist souvenirs — and sometimes just for amusement. Some species are still captured in the wild for the live pet trade, even though their ???5 ???(number) are decreasing.

The ???6 ???(extinct) of at least 500 species of animals has been caused by man, most of them in this century. Today there are about 5,000 endangered animals and at least one species dies out every year. There are probably many more which become extinct without anyone ???7 ???(know).

? ?8 ???main threats to species then can be cited as poaching (非法狩獵), habitat loss and climate change.? The International Union for Conservation of Nature has its own “red list” of endangered species ???9 ???(range) from “l(fā)east concern” through to “critically endangered”. It is their assessment ???10 ???we will refer to here.

?

三、佳作欣賞 下面是一篇摘自全國英語高考書面表達的范文，文中有許多精彩且靈活的語言表達，其中也包含有強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，用心體會其用法。

An old man fished by the river and he was so skillful that soon his basket was full of fish. A lovely child came by and the old man would like to give all his fish to him, but the child rejected. Surprised, the man asked for the reason and the child said, “I would like to take your fish pole, because this basket of fish would soon be eaten up, but with the fish pole, I can catch fish myself whenever I want to eat fish all my life.” The little child thought that he could get fish just with the fishing tool, but actually it is the skill to fish that is the key to countless fish. So rather than simply take the tools, we should always learn the way to “fish” in our life.

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

?

參考答案

考點練透

一、單句填空

1. that? 2. that? 3. since? 4. when? 5. that? 6. before? 7. What? 8. where? 9. who? 10. what; that

二、語法填空

本文作者向我們介紹物種滅絕的原因以及瀕危動物面臨的狀況。

1. but? 考查連接詞?？盏那昂笫莾蓚€分句，故填連接詞。根據(jù)兩句間的關(guān)系可知，此處存在一個轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but。

2. they? 考查代詞。缺少主語填代詞。they在此指代前面的early humans。

3. were invented? 考查謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，動詞invent作謂語，故只需要考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)上下語境可知時態(tài)是一般過去式，invent與主語guns存在被動關(guān)系。故填一般過去式被動語態(tài)were invented正確。

4. for? 考查介詞。表目的用介詞for?；蛘吒鶕?jù)下文and sometimes just for amusement. Some species are still captured in the wild for the live pet trade也可知。

5. numbers? 考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)空后的系動詞are可知要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

6. extinction? 考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。作主語用名詞形式。

7. knowing ?考查非謂語動詞。介詞后需用動名詞。

8. The? 考查冠詞。表特指必須用定冠詞。

9. ranging? 考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知，動詞range在此作非謂語。此外range與邏輯主語endangered species是主動關(guān)系，故填ranging作伴隨狀語。

10. that? 考查連接詞和強調(diào)句。強調(diào)句型It is…that…，故填that。句意：我們將在這里涉及到的就是他們的評估(本句引出下文)。

助讀詞匯

extinct adj. 滅絕的?????????????? capture vt. 捕獲????????

essentials n. 生活必需品?????????? souvenir n. 紀念品??????

assessment n. 評估?????????????? in harmony with 與……和諧??????

mass destruction 大規(guī)模殺傷?????? be cited as 被稱為

refer to 涉及??????????????????? critically endangered 極度瀕危

?

?