As hemingway put it, "courage is grace under pressure ".譯作臨危不懼。

the sound and fury 喧嘩與躁動(dòng) by faulkner

background：南方的迅速崩潰、第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的沖擊和戰(zhàn)后美國社會(huì)“迷惘”思潮的蔓延，促使他對(duì)傳統(tǒng)作出反思，面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)作出新的思考，揭去南方精神遺產(chǎn)的美麗外衣，看到了南方奴隸制的罪惡，種植園主的腐敗、殘酷和非人性的一面

a story of： “l(fā)ost innocence”

A Farewell to Arms is the unforgettable story of an American ambulance driver on the Italian front and his passion for a beautiful English nurse. Hemingway's frank portrayal of the love between Lieutenant Henry and Catherine Barkley, caught in the inexorable sweep of war, glows with an intensity unrivaled in modern literature, while his description of the German attack on Caporetto -- of lines of fired men marching in the rain, hungry, weary, and demoralized -- is one of the greatest moments in literary history.

chaucer is depicted as the new bourgeois women asserting her independence which named the wife of birth.

?Emily dickinson' poem are short,rarely more than 20 lines.

the last two decade of theodore dreiser 25-45

9. In 1925 Dreiser's greatest work [[An American Tragedy]] appeared. But it was banned in Boston in 1927.

2. During the last two decades of his life Dreiser turned away from fiction and involved himself in political activities and debating writing.

3. In 1927 he accepted an invitation to visit Russia and wrote Dreiser Looks at Russia the? following year.

4. He joined the Communist Party shortly before his death in 1945.

This Side of Paradise wirten by fitzgerald 基于他和他妻子的經(jīng)歷寫就的

What is Point of View? POV 視角

The narrative style, or point of view (sometimes called the PoV), is the direction from which the story is being told, and the way you’re choosing to communicate that with the reader. In other words, the point of view is what determines “who” is telling the story. Some stories are told from only one character’s point of view, while others are told from many different ones, or even points of view of a narrator who is outside of the story being told.

One of henry james‘ literary techniques 【innovated?（to cater?for（有利于） this for psychological?emphasis）（心理側(cè)重點(diǎn)？）】?is his narrative point of view.