無人駕駛出租車，也被稱為自動駕駛出租車或機(jī)器人出租車，是一種在出租車公司運(yùn)營的自動駕駛汽車。

事實(shí)上，人類司機(jī)占該類服務(wù)運(yùn)營成本的很大一部分。消除了對人類司機(jī)的需求，很可能使無人駕駛出租車成為這個(gè)行業(yè)非常實(shí)惠的解決方案，并加速了交通即服務(wù)（TaaS）解決方案的傳播。

無人駕駛出租車可能是自動駕駛汽車規(guī)?；钛杆俚膽?yīng)用之一，也可能是近未來的主要移動解決方案。

「應(yīng)用場景」

假設(shè)目前的市場狀況保持不變，我們估計(jì)消費(fèi)者使用無人駕駛出租車的成本將比擁有一輛舊車高出近三倍--按每英里計(jì)算。造成這一結(jié)果的主要原因并不是無人駕駛出租車的資本成本，我們假設(shè)其資本成本僅為15000美元，遠(yuǎn)低于購買新車的平均成本。也不是因?yàn)楦哳~的保險(xiǎn)、汽油或維護(hù)成本。所有這些都可以降為零，叫一輛無人駕駛出租車仍然比擁有一輛舊車更貴。

Assuming current market conditions hold, we estimate that using a robotaxi will cost consumers nearly three times more – on a per mile basis – than owning an older vehicle. The primary driver of this result isn’t the capital cost of the robotaxi, which we assumed to be a mere $15,000, well below the average cost of buying a new vehicle. Nor is it because of high insurance, gas, or maintenance costs. All of these could be reduced to zero and hailing a robotaxi would still be more expensive than owning an older car.?

無人駕駛出租車的高價(jià)格主要是由車輛的空置率。目前的出租車空置在50%左右徘徊。更令人擔(dān)憂的是，即使無人駕駛出租車的空置率極低，即使投資者降低了利潤預(yù)期，也需要大幅降低提供安全監(jiān)督的成本(低于現(xiàn)有的最低工資水平)，才能使無人駕駛出租車的價(jià)格與擁有一輛舊車相比更具成本優(yōu)勢。

Instead, high robotaxi fares are driven largely by the vehicle’s utilization rate – how much of these vehicles’ time is spent shuttling passengers around. (Current taxi utilization rates hover around 50%). More worryingly, even if robotaxis had an unrealistically high utilization rate and even if their investors lowered their profit expectations, the cost of providing safety oversight would need to be substantially reduced (to below existing minimum-wage levels) in order for robotaxi fares to be cost competitive with owning an older vehicle.

以上文字選自

The Cost of Self-Driving Cars Will Be the Biggest Barrier to Their Adoption

阿什莉·紐恩斯（Ashley Nunes）克里斯汀·埃爾南德斯（Kristen Hernandez）| 文

馬冰侖?丨編輯?